Ratiometric Fluorescence Biosensor of Allosteric Ag Nanoclusters by G-Quadruplex-Aided Displacement Amplification.
2026-06-28, ACS sensors (10.1021/acssensors.6c01629) (online)Ruo Yuan, Yuqing Zhang, Jiayang He, Wenju Xu, Manlin Zhou, Zhihan Zhang, Min Long, and Maolan He (?)
Conventional displacement reactions often suffer from drawbacks such as high background signal and low reaction rates. To overcome this limitation, we propose a G-quadruplex (G4) folding-aided displacement amplification (G4DA) strategy to illuminate the ratiometric fluorescence of allosteric Ag nanoclusters as bicolor signaling reporters (Ag and Ag) for the rapid and sensitive detection of a specific targeting trigger (T). The recognizable element is totally blocked in the stem of a modular hairpin for minimizing nonspecific background responses, while it can be exclusively unlocked by a short-stranded key effector via disturbing the sticky toehold. Preferably, red Ag emitters are developed only in two proximal template splits through directional complementary hybridization. Upon the effector invasion and affinity binding, the strand-exchange events are executed to drive progressive G4DA operation, which is kinetically sped up by the rapid intramolecular folding of rigid G4 structures with more stable geometry, thereby displacing T for repetitive recycling amplification. During this process, the disassembly of a duplex complex switches red Ag into green Ag to produce reversely changed fluorescence for conformation-dependent ratiometric signaling. Without enzyme participation and tedious chemical modification, this G4DA-based approach is achievable with simplified operation, reaction dynamics, productive yield, and assay sensitivity, further suggesting a new methodological paradigm for potential biosensor, bioanalysis, and therapeutic applications.
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